Walnuts were cultivated since at least 4 000 years ago. Schools and teachers existed 3500-4000 years ago in Ancient Persia that were teaching "the right way" of planting and cultivating walnuts.
Today, about 60 countries are growing walnuts commercially. Over 2 236 231 tonnes were produced in 2009, more than ever before. Production compared with 1961 grew 4.5 times. That left an average consumer with about 328 grams of walnuts in 2009. That's about 28 walnuts, 800 calories and 20-21 grams of protein.
World crop is big enough to feed 7.46 million people for an entire year at 2000 calories a day and 50g of protein a day.
Top producer with 915 000 tonnes (2009) is China, which increased its walnut production almost 23 times compared with 1962. Top producer per capita is Turkey with 2.42 kg of walnuts per person. Iran has somewhat similar per-capita production , around 2.35-2.38 kg or so. United States is a top exporter ( $241 mln in 2004). Virtually all US walnuts come from 2 small valleys in California.
By the way, there is hardly anything tastier than a FRESH young walnut, around September or so, when they just start to fall from the tree. At this point, a lightly bitter skin is easily detached from ivory- white kernels and it makes the best snack ever. Almonds and hazelnuts taste better fresh from the tree as well.
Best average yield worldwide was in 4943.8 kg per hectare in 1982. In 2009 it was just 2678.5 kg per hectare. Even in 1961/62 they had higher yields than that. Perhaps Chinese orchards aren't fully mature yet.
Record yield belongs to Spain, almost 87.5 tonnes per hectare (1962, total area--167 hectares). That's over 213 000 000 calories--per hectare! If I remember correctly, walnut can increase its yields continuously well onto it's 400s, 500s, I guess that's the case here. Unfortunately for walnuts, it's wood is very expensive so nobody let them live that long.
Wholesale price for walnuts is about $2 per pound, world crop is about $10 billion worth.
List of all articles at Ironrye:
http://ironrye.blogspot.com/2011/10/list-of-all-articles-at-iron-rye.html
| item | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan |
Walnuts, with shell
| 9206 | 9660 | M | |||
| Argentina |
Walnuts, with shell
| 10000 | F | 10000 | F | 10000 | F |
| Australia |
Walnuts, with shell
| 22 | F | 22 | F | M | |
| Austria |
Walnuts, with shell
| 18992 | 19130 | 18937 | |||
| Azerbaijan |
Walnuts, with shell
| 9693 | 8376 | 8658 | |||
| Belarus |
Walnuts, with shell
| 12000 | F | 12000 | F | M | |
| Belgium |
Walnuts, with shell
| 520 | F | 520 | F | M | |
| Bhutan |
Walnuts, with shell
| 820 | 820 | F | M | ||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Walnuts, with shell
| 5098 | 4839 | 5710 | |||
| Brazil |
Walnuts, with shell
| 2225 | 2314 | M | |||
| Bulgaria |
Walnuts, with shell
| 1400 | 500 | F | 281 | ||
| Chile |
Walnuts, with shell
| 23000 | F | 23000 | F | M | |
| China |
Walnuts, with shell
| 629986 | 828635 | 915000 | F | ||
| Croatia |
Walnuts, with shell
| 8228 | 6828 | 7226 | |||
| Cyprus |
Walnuts, with shell
| 248 | 207 | 270 | |||
| Czech Republic |
Walnuts, with shell
| 9563 | 9500 | F | M | ||
| Egypt |
Walnuts, with shell
| 27000 | F | 27000 | F | M | |
| France |
Walnuts, with shell
| 32635 | 36591 | M | |||
| Georgia |
Walnuts, with shell
| 11800 | 6200 | 8100 | |||
| Germany |
Walnuts, with shell
| 17000 | F | 17000 | F | M | |
| Greece |
Walnuts, with shell
| 20956 | 15100 | 15000 | F | ||
| Hungary |
Walnuts, with shell
| 3620 | 5751 | 5403 | |||
| India |
Walnuts, with shell
| 33000 | * | 37000 | * | 36000 | * |
| Iran (Islamic Republic of) |
Walnuts, with shell
| 170000 | F | 170000 | F | M | |
| Iraq |
Walnuts, with shell
| 1650 | F | 1650 | F | M | |
| Italy |
Walnuts, with shell
| 16000 | F | 17000 | F | M | |
| Jordan |
Walnuts, with shell
| M | M | M | |||
| Kazakhstan |
Walnuts, with shell
| 1382 | 1427 | M | |||
| Kyrgyzstan |
Walnuts, with shell
| 5500 | F | 5500 | F | 5500 | F |
| Lebanon |
Walnuts, with shell
| 2200 | 2200 | F | M | ||
| Luxembourg |
Walnuts, with shell
| 125 | 125 | 105 | |||
| Mexico |
Walnuts, with shell
| 79162 | 69620 | M | |||
| Montenegro |
Walnuts, with shell
| 658 | 658 | F | M | ||
| Morocco |
Walnuts, with shell
| 13776 | 12894 | M | |||
| Nepal |
Walnuts, with shell
| 4521 | 4649 | 4984 | |||
| New Zealand |
Walnuts, with shell
| M | M | M | |||
| Occupied Palestinian Territory |
Walnuts, with shell
| 148 | 186 | M | |||
| Pakistan |
Walnuts, with shell
| 15195 | 12722 | M | |||
| Peru |
Walnuts, with shell
| 237 | 287 | F | |||
| Poland |
Walnuts, with shell
| 6372 | 11577 | 12241 | |||
| Portugal |
Walnuts, with shell
| 4100 | 3752 | 4116 | |||
| Republic of Korea |
Walnuts, with shell
| 990 | 979 | M | |||
| Republic of Moldova |
Walnuts, with shell
| 10092 | 13742 | 11500 | * | ||
| Romania |
Walnuts, with shell
| 25516 | 32259 | 38329 | |||
| Russian Federation |
Walnuts, with shell
| 1800 | F | 1800 | F | M | |
| Serbia |
Walnuts, with shell
| 24823 | 24405 | 25172 | |||
| Slovakia |
Walnuts, with shell
| 1000 | F | 1000 | F | 1000 | F |
| Slovenia |
Walnuts, with shell
| 2969 | 2844 | 2956 | |||
| Spain |
Walnuts, with shell
| 9512 | 9512 | F | M | ||
| Switzerland |
Walnuts, with shell
| 2482 | 2449 | 2429 | |||
| The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia |
Walnuts, with shell
| 4786 | 4863 | 4981 | |||
| Turkey |
Walnuts, with shell
| 172572 | 170897 | 177298 | |||
| Ukraine |
Walnuts, with shell
| 82320 | 79170 | 83890 | |||
| United States of America |
Walnuts, with shell
| 297555 | 395530 | 376480 | |||
| Uzbekistan |
Walnuts, with shell
| 15300 | 15300 | M | |||
| Yemen |
Walnuts, with shell
| 0 | 0 | M | |||
| World + (Total) |
Walnuts, with shell
| 1859755 | A | 2149990 | A | 2236231 | A |
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