Wheat, Trigo, Triticum Spp

Wheat is one of the first domesticated grains and is known to be grown since 9000 BC.  Right now it is grown commercially in 124 countries. Even  countries with expensive land and labor like Malta ,Luxembourg or Switzerland find some room to grow some wheat.
Pretty much all   world's history , starting from the first Sumerian wheat exports, was going around  wheat, many wars were fought  and millions of people had died to secure tillable land and trade routes. Now  wheat is a part of many  national anthems, coat of arms, and flag colors.
Worldwide, 681 915 838  tons of wheat were produced in 2009 and only 650 881 002  tons in 2010 .  That is about 15 quadrillions of individual  wheat berries, provided by  about 500 trillions  of individual plants.
Biggest  wheat producer in the world is China with 115 180 303 tons in 2010, with a strong growth of 1%  or so since 2008. Unconfirmed rumors are that 2011's production fell by 500 000 tons and that  producing wheat in China costs $9 a bushel, so  they basically  produce it just to bankrupt  American, Canadian, Argentinian , Australian and Russian, Ukrainian  farmers. China also buys infinite amounts of agricultural land anywhere it can.

Biggest producer per capita is Australia, the crop would of 2010 would  be enough to give  more than 1028 kg , or over 40 bushels of wheat  to each Australian . That's enough to last  over 4 years and 11 months at 2000 calories a day.  Over 28.58% of all Australian arable land was used for wheat in 2010.
In the United States, biggest producer of wheat (  combined  winter wheat, durum wheat and spring wheat) is North Dakota ( 2011 ) , which bested Kansas by 5 million bushels in 2011.   Kansas used to be the wheat capital of  USA  up to 2010  with it's peak production at 500 million bushels in 1997.  In 2009, Kansas produced 369.6 million bushels ( about 5.5% of all acreage  had to be abandoned)  , in 2010, 360 million and in 2011,  only 273 million bushels of wheat.
On per capita basis, North Dakota is  producing  413.5 bushels of wheat  per year ( 2011 ) that is 24800 pounds , or  11.12  tons of wheat. A North Dakotan could have a pound of bread  per day for 101 years with just a crop of 2011, if they kept it to themselves.
Worldwide , 100.13 kilograms of wheat were available to a potential consumer. That's enough for  over 178.2 days at 2000 calories a day, and there is enough protein to supply  everyone with 257  days worth at 50 grams per day.  Basically there  are less than 10 ounces,  or 274 grams of whole grain  wheat  for every  day of the year, for every human on earth , which would make  up to 411 grams of bread .  However this number includes also a lower-quality wheat which is commonly  used as fodder.
Update for 2010 -- increased population and reduced production resulted in about 5.4 kg loss of available wheat, 94.7 kg  of wheat were ready  for a potential consumer.

14.32% of all arable land in the world was used for wheat production in 2009. This number decreased by about 2-2.5 % in 2010.

3 362 872 625 people could be fed year-round at 2000 calories a day with that crop of wheat. That's enough to feed all China, India, USA, Indonesia, Brazil and Philippines. There is enough protein for  over 5.2 billion people.

225 437 694 hectares were used to produce wheat in 2009, a territory bigger than Greenland and Serbia combined. Just take a look at that giant piece of land on the world atlas! That   (wheat acreage) is nothing less but 14.32% of all arable land in the world. Wheat is ruling over 1.5% of all  land on Earth.

If we could make a cube out of the 2009's wheat, it would be 961 meters, or over 3200 feet tall.

If you had to wait  for a train with 2009's wheat to pass  at 50 miles/ 80km per hour, you'd be waiting over 167 hours.
If you could line all wheat berries in  up one line, it would be  more than 17 times longer than the orbit of Neptune, the farthest  planet from Sun, and  the Light itself would need  almost 3 days  to travel from one end to another.

The crop of 2009 ( at current prices- 02/11) is about $ 260-270 billion worth.

Best crop ever was collected in 2008, it was 1.49 million tonnes more than  one of 2009.
Worst crop since 1961 was in 1961, 222 357 231 tonnes.

Best worldwide yield was in 2008 (3067.9 kg/ha), worst, since 1961--1088.8 kg/ha (1961)
Record yield belongs to Ireland , 9453.8 kg/ha  (2000)

Land usage since 1961 grew  by 10.4%. Seed usage since 1961 grew by  27%  (32m.t vs 25.2 mln t)

Sources: FAO.org, USDA.gov, CIA.gov, alibaba.com, many others. Koring  Пшеница
List of all articles on Iron Rye you can find here:
http://ironrye.blogspot.com/2011/10/list-of-all-articles-at-iron-rye.html

Production (tonnes)

year

country

item 2008 2009 2010 Afghanistan Wheat 2623000 5064000 4532000 Albania Wheat 335000 333100 294900 Algeria Wheat 1111030 2953120 3100000 * Angola Wheat 4400 F 5000 F 5000 Im Argentina Wheat 8508160 8851180 14914500 Armenia Wheat 236434 206505 183500 Australia Wheat 21420200 21656000 22138000 Austria Wheat 1689690 1523370 1517810 Azerbaijan Wheat 1645790 2096200 1272340 Bangladesh Wheat 844000 849046 901490 Belarus Wheat 2045240 1979000 1740450 Belgium Wheat 1850410 1909770 1849580 Bhutan Wheat 5828 4481 4500 Im Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Wheat 199990 239367 310700 Im Bosnia and Herzegovina Wheat 240533 255848 145412 Botswana Wheat 104   0 F Brazil Wheat 6027130 5055530 6036790 Bulgaria Wheat 4632210 3976850 3994900 Burundi Wheat 8094 8583 9034 Cameroon Wheat 674 Im 883 Im 900 F Canada Wheat 28611100 26847600 23166800 Chad Wheat 8100 10613 Im 8200 Im Chile Wheat 1237690 1145290 1523920 China Wheat 112456292 115115364 115180303 Colombia Wheat 39191 24349 15780 Croatia Wheat 858333 936076 681017 Cyprus Wheat 2472 14690 14843 Czech Republic Wheat 4631500 4358070 4161600 Democratic People's Republic of Korea Wheat 175000 * 169000 * 160000 * Democratic Republic of the Congo Wheat 8740 8790 8841 Denmark Wheat 5018700 5940400 5059900 Ecuador Wheat 8144 11314 7605 Egypt Wheat 7977050 8523000 7177400 Eritrea Wheat 5391 26142 27300 Im Estonia Wheat 342500 342520 324400 Ethiopia Wheat 2463060 3075640 * 3000000 * Finland Wheat 787500 887000 724400 France Wheat 39006400 38332200 38207000 Georgia Wheat 80300 53900 48400 Germany Wheat 25988600 25192400 24106700 Greece Wheat 1939300 1830000 1600000 * Guatemala Wheat 8571 Im 9000 P 11700 Im Honduras Wheat 1048 Im 1127 Im 1000 Im Hungary Wheat 5630830 4419160 3763680 India Wheat 78570200 80680000 80710000 Iran (Islamic Republic of) Wheat 7956650 13484500 15028800 Iraq Wheat 1255000 1700400 2748840 Ireland Wheat 993000 690000 669000 Israel Wheat 75734 132963 112324 Italy Wheat 8855440 6341000 6900000 * Japan Wheat 881200 674200 571300 Jordan Wheat 7835 12484 22125 Kazakhstan Wheat 12538200 17052000 9638400 Kenya Wheat 336688 219301 511994 Kuwait Wheat 260 350 Im 320 Im Kyrgyzstan Wheat 746200 1056660 813300 Latvia Wheat 989600 1036400 973000 Lebanon Wheat 143700 153000 F 138100 Im Lesotho Wheat 3720 7420 20119 Libya Wheat 104000 105000 F 106000 F Lithuania Wheat 1722500 2100200 1708200 Luxembourg Wheat 97760 90903 83474 Madagascar Wheat 10000 P 11861 Im 12500 Im Malawi Wheat 2386 2590 2700 Im Mali Wheat 13116 15132 23788 Malta Wheat 14000 F 14000 F 13100 Im Mauritania Wheat 4000 3414 2413 Mexico Wheat 4019400 4116160 3676710 Mongolia Wheat 209830 388122 345458 Montenegro Wheat 2856 3044 2465 Morocco Wheat 3769450 6371430 4876140 Mozambique Wheat 2550 F 2575 F 2600 F Myanmar Wheat 170000 179000 181900 Im Namibia Wheat 14581 12448 12500 F Nepal Wheat 1572070 1343860 1556540 Netherlands Wheat 1366160 1402040 1369550 New Caledonia Wheat 13 Im 8 Im 10 Im New Zealand Wheat 343350 403464 444891 Niger Wheat 8775 8600 F 8700 F Nigeria Wheat 53000 36813 Im 34200 Im Norway Wheat 453300 278000 293000 Occupied Palestinian Territory Wheat 31826 30000 F 27100 Im Oman Wheat 1070 2000 2000 Pakistan Wheat 20958800 24033000 23310800 Paraguay Wheat 799632 1066800 1401990 Peru Wheat 206936 226265 219454 Poland Wheat 9274920 9789590 9487800 Portugal Wheat 203300 110200 111700 Im Qatar Wheat 30 32 F 30 Im Republic of Korea Wheat 10359 18782 39116 Republic of Moldova Wheat 1286330 736660 744160 Romania Wheat 7180980 5202530 5811810 Russian Federation Wheat 63765100 61739800 41507600 Rwanda Wheat 67869 72430 77193 Saudi Arabia Wheat 1985560 1152450 1300000 * Serbia Wheat 2095400 2067560 1630400 Slovakia Wheat 1819480 1537910 1227800 Slovenia Wheat 160297 136904 153481 Somalia Wheat 1000 F 950 F 990 Im South Africa Wheat 2130000 1958000 1464970 Spain Wheat 6714300 4723900 5610700 Sudan Wheat 587000 641695 403000 Swaziland Wheat 363 Im 420 F 450 F Sweden Wheat 2202200 2284000 2184400 Switzerland Wheat 548097 549431 523562 Syrian Arab Republic Wheat 2139300 3701780 3083100 Tajikistan Wheat 659096 938435 857545 Thailand Wheat 1076 Im 1081 Im 1100 Im The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Wheat 291719 271117 243137 Tunisia Wheat 919000 1653600 822100 Turkey Wheat 17782000 20600000 19660000 Turkmenistan Wheat 2317070 Im 2957940 Im 3000000 F Uganda Wheat 19000 20000 21500 F Ukraine Wheat 25885400 20886400 16851300 United Arab Emirates Wheat 30 45 F 40 Im United Kingdom Wheat 17227000 14076000 14878000 United Republic of Tanzania Wheat 92400 95000 62130 United States of America Wheat 68016100 60365700 60102600 Uruguay Wheat 1356600 1844420 1300700 Uzbekistan Wheat 6146500 6637700 6730400 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Wheat 226 230 F 300 Im Yemen Wheat 170446 222129 265432 Zambia Wheat 113242 195456 172256 Zimbabwe Wheat 31000 40000 F 41800 Im World + (Total) Wheat 683218307 A 686959162 A 650881002 A